Moving beyond the athlete-centered approach, recent studies were developed to understand the role of the environment in the athlete’s performance 3, 4, 5. The athletes’ performance is influenced by both individual (e.g., genetic, morphological, training) and environmental factors (e.g., coach, family, social characteristics) 1, 2. On a country level, the fastest women were from Sweden, Hungary and Russia, while the fastest men were from Brazil, Russia and Lithuania. In summary, in 100-miles ultra-marathon running, the majority of athletes were from America, but for both sexes and performance levels, the fastest runners were from Africa. The lowest performance and participation were observed for runners from Asia. Men from Brazil, Russia and Lithuania were the fastest. Women from Sweden, Hungary and Russia presented the best performances in the top three, top 10 and top 100. A macro-analysis showed that the fastest men runners were from Africa, while the fastest women runners were from Europe and Africa. Athletes were mostly from America and Europe.
Kruskal–Wallis tests and linear regressions were performed. Information about age, gender, origin, performance level (top three, top 10, top 100) was obtained.
Data from 148,169 athletes (119,408 men), aged 18–81 years, and finishers in a 100-miles ultra-marathon during 1870–2020 were investigated. The purposes of this study were (i) to describe differences in participation in 100-mile ultra-marathons by continent (ii) to investigate differences in performance between continents and (iii) to identify the fastest runners by continent and country.
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